Health Information Library

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Abnormal sperm morphology: What does it mean?
Abnormal sperm morphology may be a contributing fa...
Acetyl-L-carnitine: Can it relieve MS fatigue?
Some research suggests that acetyl-L-carnitine may...
Acid reflux and GERD: The same thing?
Acid reflux and GERD are closely related, but the ...
Acne scars: What's the best treatment?
Various procedures can improve acne scars, but no ...
Acute bronchitis: Is it contagious?
Most cases of acute bronchitis are caused by virus...
Acute sinusitis: Do over-the-counter treatments help?
Medicine you can get without a prescription may gi...
Adrenal fatigue: What causes it?
Adrenal fatigue is a term used to describe a group...
Adult bed-wetting: A concern?
Adult bed-wetting is uncommon and requires evaluat...
Air travel during pregnancy: Is it safe?
Consider these guidelines if you need to fly while...
Air travel with infant: Is it safe?
Planning for air travel with an infant? Know how a...
Albuterol side effects: Can I avoid them?
Albuterol side effects — Managing reactions to q...
Alcohol: Does it affect blood pressure?
Drinking too much alcohol can raise blood pressure...
Alkaline water: Better than plain water?
Health claims about alkaline water abound, but pla...
Allergy medications and pregnancy: What's safe?
Find out what medicines can help you manage allerg...
Alzheimer's and dementia: What's the difference?
The terms 'Alzheimer's disease' and 'dementia' are...
Alzheimer's prevention: Does it exist?
Alzheimer's prevention: Strategies for staying phy...
Ambien: Is dependence a concern?
Zolpidem (Ambien) for insomnia is generally safe i...
Ankle swelling during pregnancy: What helps?
Try these tips to prevent and treat swelling of th...
Antibiotics and alcohol
Alcohol doesn't make antibiotics less effective. B...
Antibiotics and pregnancy: What's safe?
Learn about common types of antibiotics used durin...
Antidepressant withdrawal: Is there such a thing?
Antidepressant withdrawal is possible if you stop ...
Antidepressants and alcohol: What's the concern?
Combining antidepressants and alcohol can worsen d...
Antidepressants and weight gain: What causes it?
An antidepressant isn't always a direct cause of w...
Antidepressants: Can they stop working?
Antidepressants: Reasons treatment stops working....
Antidepressants: Which cause the fewest sexual side effects?
Sexual side effects are common with antidepressant...
Anxiety: A cause of high blood pressure?
Anxiety can cause dramatic, temporary increases in...
Aortic calcification: An early sign of heart valve problems?
This condition once was thought to be harmless, bu...
Apple cider vinegar for weight loss
Proponents tout apple cider vinegar as a weight-lo...
Arcus senilis: A sign of high cholesterol?
With this condition, older adults develop a gray a...
Artificial sweeteners: Any effect on blood sugar?
Artificial sweeteners, also called sugar substitut...
Artificial tears: How to select eye drops for dry eyes
Not all eye drops are the same. Here's what to con...
Aspirin allergy: What are the symptoms?
An aspirin allergy or sensitivity can cause seriou...
Aspirin during pregnancy: Is it safe?
A Mayo Clinic specialist explains what you need to...
Asthma and acid reflux: Are they linked?
A Mayo Clinic expert discusses how acid reflux can...
Asthma diet: Does what you eat make a difference?
Can what you eat affect your asthma? Learn how hea...
Atypical cells: Are they cancer?
Atypical cells appear abnormal, but they aren't ne...
Autism spectrum disorder and digestive symptoms
Children with autism spectrum disorder often have ...
Avulsion fracture: How is it treated?
Surgery is rarely needed to reattach a small chunk...
Baby fat: When is it cause for concern?
Find out when your baby's weight might be of conce...
Baby poop: What to expect
Infant stool can have various colors and textures....
Baby teeth: When do children start losing them?
Losing baby teeth is a big childhood event. Find o...
Bacterial vs. viral infections: How do they differ?
Understand the differences between bacterial and v...
Beta blockers: Do they cause weight gain?
Weight gain can occur as a side effect of some of ...
Beta blockers: How do they affect exercise?
If you take this medicine, you may need to change ...
Bioidentical hormones: Are they safer?
There's no proof that these treatments are safer t...
Bipolar disorder and alcoholism: Are they related?
These disorders often occur together, and they can...
Bipolar disorder in children: Is it possible?
Bipolar disorder in children and teenagers is poss...
Bipolar medications and weight gain
Some medications used to treat bipolar disorder ca...
Bipolar treatment: Are bipolar I and bipolar II treated differently?
Bipolar I and bipolar II are different disorders, ...
Birth control pills: Harmful in early pregnancy?
If you took birth control pills before you knew yo...
Birth control: Can preejaculation fluid cause pregnancy?
This possible cause of pregnancy makes withdrawal ...
Bladder infection in men
Although women are more likely to get bladder infe...
Bladder outlet obstruction: Causes in men?
Find out more about the causes of male bladder out...
Bleeding after hysterectomy: What can I expect?
Light vaginal bleeding after hysterectomy is commo...
Bleeding after menopause: A concern?
It's unusual to bleed from the vagina after menopa...
Blighted ovum: What causes it?
A Mayo Clinic specialist explains what's behind th...
Blood clots during menstruation: A concern?
Blood clots during menstrual periods aren't always...
Blood glucose monitors: What factors affect accuracy?
Consider these factors when measuring blood sugar ...
Blood pressure cuff: Does size matter?
Accurate blood pressure readings depend on the pro...
Blood pressure medication: Still necessary if I lose weight?
Losing weight may reduce or end the need for blood...
Blood pressure medications: Can they raise my triglycerides?
Learn which blood pressure medicines might raise t...
Blood pressure readings: Why higher at home?
Blood pressure that always measures higher outside...
Blood pressure: Can it be higher in one arm?
A small difference in blood pressure readings betw...
Blood pressure: Does it have a daily pattern?
Like many body functions, blood pressure has a dai...
Blood pressure: Is it affected by cold weather?
Blood pressure generally is higher in the winter t...
Blood sugar levels can fluctuate for many reasons
Unexplained changes in blood sugar levels can be t...
Blood thinners: Can I still get blood clots?
These medications must be taken exactly as directe...
Breast implants and cancer: Any connection?
Concerned about a link between breast implants and...
Breastfeeding and alcohol: Is it OK to drink?
Breastfeeding and alcohol don't mix well. A Mayo C...
Breastfeeding strike: Why do babies refuse to nurse?
Understand why babies sometimes refuse to breastfe...
Bulging disk vs. herniated disk: What's the difference?
Compared with a bulging disk, a herniated disk is ...
Bump on the head: When is it a serious head injury?
Even a minor injury to the scalp or forehead can c...
Butter vs. margarine: Which is better for my heart?
Margarine usually tops butter for heart health. Bu...
CA 125 test: A screening test for ovarian cancer?
Learn why health care providers generally don't re...
CBD: Safe and effective?
Interested in using CBD? Here's what you need to k...
COVID-19 and pets: Can dogs and cats get COVID-19?
Find out how COVID-19 can affect dogs and cats, wh...
COVID-19 drugs: Are there any that work?
Medicine can help people who are at risk of, diagn...
COVID-19 infections by race: What's behind the health disparities?
Understand how underlying health conditions, the p...
COVID-19 vaccine: Should I reschedule my mammogram?
Swollen lymph nodes caused by the COVID-19 vaccine...
COVID-19 variants: What's the concern?
The virus that causes COVID-19 has changed over ti...
Caffeine: Does it affect blood sugar?
For some people with diabetes, one cup of coffee m...
Caffeine: How does it affect blood pressure?
Caffeinated drinks can raise blood pressure in the...
Caffeine: Is it dehydrating or not?
Caffeinated drinks usually won't dehydrate you, bu...
Calcium supplements: A risk factor for heart attack?
Learn about the possible link between calcium supp...
Calcium supplements: Do they interfere with blood pressure drugs?
In large amounts, these supplements may affect cer...
Calcium supplements: When should they be taken?
Timing matters when taking these supplements. Lear...
Can vaginal tears during childbirth be prevented?
Learn what you can do to help lower the risk of va...
Can vitamin D protect against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)?
Find out what the research says about links betwee...
Can vitamins help prevent a heart attack?
Study results are mixed on whether vitamins can pr...
Can whole-grain foods lower blood pressure?
Find out if eating whole-grain foods can lower blo...
Can you recommend a diet after gallbladder removal?
Should you follow a special diet to prevent proble...
Candida cleanse diet: What does it treat?
Candida cleanse diets that replace processed food ...
Car sickness in children: Can I prevent it?
Carefully planned pre-trip meals, air ventilation ...
Cardiac asthma: What causes it?
Wheezing isn't always due to true asthma. Sometime...
Carpal tunnel exercises: Can they relieve symptoms?
Carpal tunnel exercises may be helpful, but they a...
Cellulitis infection: Is it contagious?
Cellulitis — a common, potentially serious bacte...
Cellulitis: How to prevent recurrent episodes
Learn to treat and prevent recurrent cellulitis....
Cervical cysts: Can they be cancerous?
Cervical cysts usually aren't cancerous. Some type...
Cervical dysplasia: Is it cancer?
Learn what to expect if a Pap test shows cells tha...
Cervical length: Why does it matter during pregnancy?
If cervical length during pregnancy shortens too s...
Chelation therapy for heart disease: Does it work?
Learn more about this debated treatment for heart ...
Chemotherapy and sex: Is sexual activity OK during treatment?
Chemotherapy and sex aren't mutually exclusive, as...
Chemotherapy side effects: A cause of heart disease?
Chemotherapy side effects may include a risk of he...
Chickenpox and pregnancy: What are the concerns?
Understand the risks posed by chickenpox during pr...
Child growth: Can you predict adult height?
Concerned about your child's growth? Find out how ...
Cholesterol level: Can it be too low?
A high cholesterol level is unhealthy. Rarely, ver...
Cholesterol ratio or non-HDL cholesterol: Which is most important?
Non-HDL cholesterol may be more important than cho...
Cholesterol test kits: Are they accurate?
Home cholesterol test kits are often as accurate a...
Chronic bladder infection: Is there a cure?
Chronic bladder infection can be a painful, frustr...
Chronic diarrhea: A concern after gallbladder removal?
Diarrhea is fairly common after gallbladder remova...
Cigar smoking: Safer than cigarette smoking?
Cigars aren't safer than cigarettes. Like cigarett...
Clinical depression: What does that mean?
The term "clinical depression" means severe, persi...
Coconut oil: Can it cure hypothyroidism?
This oil has been touted by some as a cure for hyp...
Coconut water: Is it super hydrating?
This drink is promoted as "super hydrating." But i...
Coffee and health: What does the research say?
Has coffee gotten a bum rap? Can it be part of a h...
Coffee calories: Sabotaging your weight loss?
Plain coffee has only a few calories. But the calo...
Cold and flu viruses: How long can they live outside the body?
Some viruses are more resilient than you may think...
Cold or allergy: Which is it?
Although colds and seasonal allergies share some o...
Cold symptoms: Does drinking milk increase phlegm?
Colds mean extra thick and sticky mucus, but dairy...
Colloidal silver supplements: Are they safe?
Colloidal silver supplements are often promoted as...
Colon cancer screening: At what age can you stop?
Some groups recommend people over 75 may consider ...
Colon cleansing: Is it helpful or harmful?
Get the facts before you try this technique that's...
Concussion in children: What are the symptoms?
Whether your child's concussion is mild or severe,...
Coping with anxiety: Can diet make a difference?
Coping with anxiety is a challenge. Eating habits ...
Coping with pain after breast surgery
Pain is common after mastectomy and other breast o...
Coronary artery disease: Angioplasty or bypass surgery?
The best treatment for coronary artery disease dep...
Coronary artery spasm: Cause for concern?
This sudden, temporary squeezing of an artery redu...
Coronavirus: What is it and how can I protect myself?
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by a...
Coughing more after quitting smoking: What's the deal?
If you cough more than usual after you give up cig...
Craving and chewing ice: A sign of anemia?
Craving and chewing ice (pagophagia) is often asso...
Curcumin: Can it slow cancer growth?
Some research suggests that curcumin may help prev...
Degenerative changes in the spine: Is this arthritis?
Degenerative changes in the spine visible on X-ray...
Demyelinating disease: What can you do about it?
Learn the causes and types of these diseases that ...
Dental floss vs. water flosser: Which is better?
Cleaning between your teeth every day is an import...
Denture care: How do I clean dentures?
Follow these best practices to keep your removable...
Depression and anxiety: Can I have both?
Depression and anxiety commonly occur together and...
Detox foot pads: Do they really work?
Do detox foot pads really draw toxins out of your ...
Diabetes and depression: Coping with the two conditions
Diabetes and depression can occur together. Here's...
Diabetes diet: Should I avoid sweet fruits?
It's a common myth that you shouldn't eat certain ...
Diabetes foods: Can I substitute honey for sugar?
Generally, there's no advantage to substituting ho...
Diabetes treatment: Can cinnamon lower blood sugar?
Learn what cinnamon's role may be as part of a dia...
Diabetes: How do I help protect my liver?
How to care for your liver if you have diabetes....
Did the definition of Alzheimer's disease change?
What the change in the research definition of Alzh...
Diet soda: How much is too much?
Diet soda may help you cut calories, but other low...
Digestion: How long does it take?
Digestion takes about two to five days, depending ...
Discolored baby teeth: A cause for concern?
Baby teeth can become discolored for many reasons,...
Discolored semen: What does it mean?
Find out what causes discolored semen....
Diuretics and gout: What's the connection?
This treatment for high blood pressure can raise t...
Diuretics: A cause of low potassium?
These medicines are often used to treat high blood...
Diverticulitis: Can certain foods trigger an attack?
Contrary to popular belief, no specific foods are ...
Do infrared saunas have any health benefits?
How is an infrared sauna different from a traditio...
Do the benefits of vitamin C include improved mood?
You know vitamin C helps fight the common cold. Bu...
Does atrial fibrillation run in families?
AFib is a common heart disorder. Sometimes it is i...
Does older age increase the risk of atrial fibrillation?
Learn how the risk of getting this common heart rh...
Does prickly pear cactus have health benefits?
Have you heard about prickly pear cactus? Find out...
Does soy really affect breast cancer risk?
Soy foods reduce the risk of breast cancer, but mo...
Does sunscreen expire?
Wondering whether sunscreen expires? Get the facts...
Doppler ultrasound: What is it used for?
A Doppler ultrasound measures blood flow and press...
Drinking alcohol: Is it safe after hepatitis C cure?
Your hepatitis C infection has been cured, but is ...
Dry mouth treatment: Tips for controlling dry mouth
To ease dry mouth, chew sugar-free gum or suck on ...
Early HIV symptoms: What are they?
Early signs of the disease can include fever, fati...
Early miscarriage: Is stress a factor?
Early miscarriage is usually caused by an abnormal...
Eating the placenta: A good idea?
Despite claims of benefits, eating the placenta af...
Ebola transmission: Can Ebola spread through the air?
Ebola virus: A Mayo Clinic expert explains how the...
Eczema bleach bath: Can it improve my symptoms?
A diluted bleach bath may help treat chronic eczem...
Eggs: Are they good or bad for my cholesterol?
Get the latest information about eggs, cholesterol...
Ejection fraction: What does it measure?
This measurement, commonly taken during an echocar...
Elective abortion: Does it affect subsequent pregnancies?
Understand whether ending a pregnancy can affect y...
Emerging treatments for multiple sclerosis
There is no cure for this disease of the nervous s...
Enlarged prostate: Does diet play a role?
Lifestyle factors such as diet appear to play a ro...
Enterovirus D68 and parechovirus: How can I protect my child?
Enterovirus D68 and parechovirus infections can le...
Exercise and illness: Work out with a cold?
Play it smart. Ease up on exercise if you have a c...
Exercise and multiple sclerosis
Reduce your multiple sclerosis symptoms through ex...
Exercise: How much do I need every day?
Find out how much exercise you need and how to get...
Extended-cycle birth control pills: Is spotting common?
Breakthrough bleeding is more common with continuo...
Eye dilation: Necessary with every eye exam?
Eye dilation is part of a comprehensive eye exam. ...
Fainting during urination (micturition syncope): What causes it?
Fainting during or immediately after urination, ca...
Falling during pregnancy: Reason to worry?
Here's what to consider after a fall during pregna...
Fallopian tubes: Is pregnancy possible with only one?
Pregnancy may be possible with one fallopian tube....
Fasting diet: Can it improve my heart health?
Being on a fasting diet some of the time may have ...
Fear of public speaking: How can I overcome it?
Learn tips to become a more-confident public speak...
Female orgasm: No climax with vaginal penetration?
Not all women have orgasms with vaginal penetratio...
Fiber supplements: Safe to take every day?
Fiber supplements are one way to add fiber to the ...
Flaxseed: Is ground better than whole?
Nutrition experts recommend ground flaxseed over w...
Flu mask: Should I wear one?
Influenza masks and hand hygiene might help protec...
Flu shot in pregnancy: Is it safe?
Will you be pregnant during flu season? A flu shot...
Flu shot: Will it prevent the stomach flu?
The flu shot protects against influenza, which is ...
Flu shots for kids: Does my child need a flu shot?
Know the latest recommendations for children's flu...
Flu symptoms: Should I see my doctor?
See a healthcare professional if you are at high r...
Flu vaccine: Safe for people with egg allergy?
If you have egg allergy, you still may be able to ...
Foamy urine: What does it mean?
Persistently foamy urine can be a sign of protein ...
Food allergy vs. food intolerance: What's the difference?
Might you have to swear off milkshakes for good? F...
Food poisoning: How long can you safely keep leftovers?
Prevent food poisoning with these food safety tips...
Foot swelling during air travel: A concern?
Swelling of the leg or foot while flying is common...
Free blood pressure machines: Are they accurate?
Results from free blood pressure monitoring machin...
Frequent sex: Does it protect against prostate cancer?
Some studies have suggested that frequent ejaculat...
Frontal fibrosing alopecia
This type of receding hairline, which primarily af...
Fructose intolerance: Which foods to avoid?
Fructose is a sugar found naturally in fruits, fru...
Fundal height: An accurate sign of fetal growth?
Understand how fundal height is measured and what ...
GERD: Can certain medications make it worse?
Certain medicines can make symptoms of gastroesoph...
GLP-1 agonists: Diabetes drugs and weight loss
Noninsulin drugs for diabetes improve blood sugar ...
Gallbladder cleanse: A 'natural' remedy for gallstones?
A gallbladder cleanse is a popular alternative rem...
Gallbladder polyps: Can they be cancerous?
The size of gallbladder polyps can be a useful pre...
Genital herpes: Can you get it from a toilet seat?
It is nearly impossible to get genital herpes from...
Glucosamine: Does it protect cartilage in osteoarthritis?
Glucosamine manufacturers claim their products slo...
Glycemic index: A helpful tool for diabetes?
Some people with diabetes use the glycemic index a...
Grapefruit: Beware of dangerous medication interactions
Some medicines don't mix with grapefruit and other...
Grass-fed beef: What are the heart-health benefits?
Grass-fed beef may have heart-health benefits that...
HCG diet: Is it safe and effective?
Learn about the risks of this dangerous diet....
HER2-positive breast cancer: What is it?
HER2-positive breast cancer tends to be more aggre...
HPV infection: A cause of cancer in men?
Learn what types of cancer human papillomavirus ca...
Hand swelling during exercise: A concern?
This condition is a common problem, but rarely ser...
Headaches during pregnancy: What's the best treatment?
Here's help with preventing or easing this common ...
Heart attack prevention: Should I avoid secondhand smoke?
It's possible that secondhand smoke can irritate t...
Heart cancer: Is there such a thing?
Although heart tumors do occur, the vast majority ...
Heart failure and sex: Is it safe?
Many people with heart failure worry that sex migh...
Heart rate: What's normal?
A normal resting heart rate for adults ranges from...
Heartburn medicines and B-12 deficiency
Acid-controlling medicines may do more than preven...
Heavy periods: Can folic acid help?
Heavy periods may cause iron deficiency anemia. Fo...
Hemorrhoids during pregnancy: What's the best treatment?
Know how to relieve painful, swollen veins in the ...
Hepatitis C: How common is sexual transmission?
Although hepatitis C is highly contagious, the ris...
Hepatitis C: What happens in end-stage liver disease?
End-stage complications of hepatitis C include liv...
Herbal treatment for anxiety: Is it effective?
Herbal treatment for anxiety: A Mayo Clinic expert...
High blood pressure and cold remedies: Which are safe?
Among cold medicines, decongestants cause the most...
High cholesterol in children: How is it treated?
High cholesterol in children can lead to narrowed ...
High cholesterol treatment: Does cinnamon lower cholesterol?
Can cinnamon lower cholesterol?...
High-dose flu vaccines: How are they different from other flu vaccines?
Some vaccines are recommended for people who have ...
High-dose vitamin C: Can it kill cancer cells?
High-dose vitamin C has been touted by some as an ...
High-protein diets: Are they safe?
Considering a high-protein diet for weight loss? U...
Hodgkin's vs. non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: What's the difference?
Learn how types of lymphomas are determined using ...
Honey: An effective cough remedy?
A study in children with the common cold suggests ...
Hookah smoking: Is it safer than cigarette smoking?
This habit isn't safer than smoking cigarettes. Fi...
How do COVID-19 antibody tests differ from diagnostic tests?
Antibody testing shows whether you've had the COVI...
How many hours of sleep are enough?
Wonder how many hours of sleep are enough? A Mayo ...
How to heal cracked heels
Learn self-care tips for healing cracked heels....
How to heal cracked skin at thumb tip
Learn how to treat the tiny, painful cracks that c...
How to track saturated fat
Knowing how much saturated fat is in the foods you...
How to treat a piercing site infection
Learn what you can do at home if your ear new pier...
How to treat baby eczema
Learn simple remedies to easing your baby's discom...
Hyperinflated lungs: What does it mean?
If you can’t breathe out well, as in COPD, air m...
Hyperinsulinemia: Is it diabetes?
Hyperinsulinemia often is associated with type 2 d...
Hypertensive crisis: What are the symptoms?
A sudden rise in blood pressure over 180/120 mm Hg...
Hypothyroidism and infertility: Any connection?
For women, there's sometimes a link between having...
Hypothyroidism diet: Can certain foods increase thyroid function?
There's no evidence that eating or avoiding certai...
Hypothyroidism symptoms: Can hypothyroidism cause eye problems?
Hypothyroidism symptoms can vary, but eye problems...
Hypothyroidism: Can calcium supplements interfere with treatment?
Calcium supplements can interfere with how the bod...
Hypothyroidism: Can it cause peripheral neuropathy?
Hypothyroidism can cause damage to peripheral nerv...
Hypothyroidism: Does it cause joint pain?
Hypothyroidism can cause muscle and joint problems...
Hypothyroidism: Should I take iodine supplements?
Although iodine deficiency can cause hypothyroidis...
Implantation bleeding: Common in early pregnancy?
Implantation bleeding is a common early pregnancy ...
Induced lactation: Can I breastfeed my adopted baby?
With time and dedication, breastfeeding without pr...
Infant constipation: How is it treated?
Learn about baby bowel habits so you can recognize...
Infant growth: What's normal?
Infant growth rates depend on various factors. Con...
Insomnia: How do I stay asleep?
Waking up in the middle of the night and not being...
Intermittent fasting: What are the benefits?
Intermittent fasting isn't new, but it's gaining f...
Is a home sperm test useful?
Using a home sperm test to check your fertility ma...
Is depression a factor in rheumatoid arthritis?
Depression is common in people with rheumatoid art...
Isolated systolic hypertension: A health concern?
Both the top and bottom numbers in blood pressure ...
Isometric exercises: Good for strength training?
Learn more about isometric exercises that contract...
Juicing: What are the health benefits?
Learn about the pros and cons of extracting the ju...
Kidney dialysis: When is it time to stop?
Many factors may influence the decision to withdra...
Kidney donation: Are there long-term risks?
Kidney donation can save a life, but it's importan...
Kombucha tea: Does it have health benefits?
Does kombucha tea live up to its reputation as a h...
L-arginine: Does it lower blood pressure?
This supplement may help some people lower their b...
Lack of sleep: Can it make you sick?
Lack of sleep can affect your immune system. Here'...
Laryngospasm: What causes it?
Laryngospasm is a brief spasm of the vocal cords, ...
Late-night eating: OK if you have diabetes?
Late-night snacks aren't necessarily off-limits wi...
Latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA): What is it?
Latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) is a s...
Leg cramps during pregnancy: Preventable?
A Mayo Clinic specialist shares prevention and tre...
Leg pain after prolonged standing or sitting
New, persistent leg pain or aching may indicate an...
Livedo reticularis: When is it a concern?
Learn when this condition that causes a lacy patte...
Liver cysts: A cause of stomach pain?
Occasionally, liver cysts can cause pain and disco...
Loss of sex drive in men: Natural with aging?
Age-related loss of sex drive is normal, but somet...
Loss of taste and smell: Natural with aging?
Aging can play a role in the loss of taste and sme...
Low amniotic fluid: Can it be treated?
Delivery, amnioinfusion and drinking more fluids m...
Low blood sodium in older adults: A concern?
For older adults, low blood sodium, known as hypon...
Low-phosphorus diet: Helpful for kidney disease?
If you have kidney disease, you may need to limit ...
Lung nodules: Can they be cancerous?
Lung nodules are common. Most aren't cancer. Find ...
MAOIs and diet: Is it necessary to restrict tyramine?
A low-tyramine diet is important for anyone taking...
MRI: Is gadolinium safe for people with kidney problems?
Older gadolinium contrast agents used with MRI pos...
Macrocytosis: What causes it?
Enlarged red blood cells (macrocytosis) can be due...
Magic mouthwash: Effective for chemotherapy mouth sores?
Find out what ingredients pharmacists combine for ...
Male masturbation: Does frequency affect male fertility?
Male masturbation has little effect on sperm count...
Mammogram guidelines: What are they?
Latest Mayo Clinic mammogram guidelines for breast...
Marijuana and depression: What's the link?
Marijuana and depression seem to go hand in hand f...
Measles vaccine: Can I get the measles if I've already been vaccinated?
Is it possible to get measles from someone else if...
Melatonin side effects: What are the risks?
Melatonin is generally safe for short-term use but...
Menopause and high blood pressure: What's the connection?
For many women, menopause and high blood pressure ...
Menopause hormone therapy: Does it cause vaginal bleeding?
Some forms of hormone therapy prescribed to ease h...
Migraine medications and antidepressants: A risky mix?
Combining migraine medicines and antidepressants m...
Migraine treatment: Can antidepressants help?
Certain antidepressants are used in migraine treat...
Migraines and gastrointestinal problems: Is there a link?
Migraines can be associated with certain gastroint...
Migraines: Are they triggered by weather changes?
Migraines — Are they triggered by weather chang...
Ministroke vs. regular stroke: What's the difference?
The term "ministroke" typically refers to a transi...
Moldy cheese: Is it OK to eat?
Moldy cheese may be unappetizing, but is it unsafe...
Mononucleosis and Epstein-Barr: What's the connection?
The Epstein-Barr virus sometimes causes a disease ...
Mononucleosis: Can it recur?
Mono can return in some rare cases. Learn why that...
Monosodium glutamate (MSG): Is it harmful?
Monosodium glutamate (MSG) can trigger headaches a...
Mpox (monkeypox): What is it and how can it be prevented?
Find out more about this rare viral infection, the...
Mucus in stool: A concern?
Visible mucus in stool can have a variety of cause...
Multiple sclerosis: Can it cause seizures?
Seizures occur more often in people with multiple ...
Multivitamins: Do young children need them?
Multivitamins: Are they good insurance for young c...
Myofascial release therapy: Can it relieve back pain?
Myofascial release, a form of manual therapy, may ...
NSAIDs: Do they increase my risk of heart attack and stroke?
Common pain medicines such as ibuprofen or naproxe...
Nail ridges: Cause for concern?
Vertical nail ridges are common and often become m...
Narrow stools: Should I be concerned?
Narrow stools may be a sign that the colon is narr...
Natural breast enhancement: Do supplements work?
Breast enhancement supplements haven't been proved...
Natural remedies for depression: Are they effective?
For some people, certain herbal and dietary supple...
Nausea during pregnancy: A good thing?
Morning sickness is common during pregnancy. Under...
Nervous breakdown: What does it mean?
Nervous breakdown isn't a medical term. It most of...
Neti pot: Can it clear my nose?
Learn more about this container designed to rinse ...
Neurontin side effects: How do I manage them?
Some Neurontin side effects can be troubling and r...
Newborn sleep: Should I wake my baby for feedings?
Get the facts about when to wake a sleeping baby f...
Niacin overdose: What are the symptoms?
When niacin is taken as prescribed for high choles...
Nighttime headaches: How can I get relief?
"Alarm clock" (hypnic) headaches wake people up. B...
Nocturnal panic attacks: What causes them?
Nighttime panic attacks can cause sweating, rapid ...
Occipital nerve stimulation: Effective migraine treatment?
Occipital nerve stimulation is a relatively new pr...
Ocular migraine: When to seek help
Flashes of light, zigzagging patterns and temporar...
Omega-6 fatty acids: Can they cause heart disease?
This essential fatty acid is found in certain food...
Opioid stewardship: What is it?
Learn about the roles everyone plays in opioid ste...
Osteopathic medicine: What kind of doctor is a D.O.?
You know what M.D. means, but what does D.O. mean?...
Outpatient joint replacement: Is it a safe option?
Joint replacement of the hip, knee and shoulder ca...
Ovarian cancer: Still possible after hysterectomy?
Surgery to remove your uterus may affect your risk...
Ovarian cysts and infertility: A connection?
Some types of cysts that form in or on an ovary ca...
Ovulation signs: When is conception most likely?
Trying to get pregnant? Learn about symptoms of ov...
Ozone air purifiers: Can they improve asthma symptoms?
Ozone air purifiers don't reduce asthma symptoms. ...
PSA levels: Can they rise after partial prostate removal?
A number of factors can cause PSA levels to rise a...
Pain and depression: Is there a link?
Depression can cause unexplained physical symptoms...
Pap smear: Do I need one if I'm a virgin?
Doctors recommend regular cervical cancer screenin...
Pap test: Can it detect ovarian cancer?
Unfortunately, there is no standard or routine scr...
Passive-aggressive behavior: What are the red flags?
Learn about the signs of this indirect way of expr...
Penis fracture: Is it possible?
Know the symptoms of this health concern....
Petroleum jelly: Safe for a dry nose?
Rarely, inhaling petroleum jelly for prolonged per...
Phantosmia: What causes olfactory hallucinations?
Phantosmia is often due to a head injury or upper ...
Phentermine for weight loss
This prescription medicine can help with weight lo...
Phenylalanine in diet soda: Is it harmful?
You may be worried about phenylalanine because of ...
Pink eye: How long is it contagious?
Many parents wonder how long pink eye (conjunctivi...
Plugged ears: What is the remedy?
Plugged ears are usually a mild, temporary problem...
Polypill: Does it treat heart disease?
This combination pill contains small doses of seve...
Poppy seed tea: Beneficial or dangerous?
Poppy seed tea may be used as a natural pain relie...
Post-traumatic stress: How can you help your loved one?
Use these tips to help someone cope with stress fr...
Prednisone withdrawal: Why taper down slowly?
Prednisone is a powerful medication. Find out why ...
Pregnancy acne: What's the best treatment?
Learn about self-care and safe medications to trea...
Pregnancy constipation: Are stool softeners safe?
Pregnancy constipation is common. Know how to safe...
Premenstrual dysphoric disorder: Different from PMS?
Extreme moodiness, intense sadness or marked irrit...
Prenatal vitamins: OK for women who aren't pregnant?
Prenatal vitamins: Why they might not be suitable ...
Probiotics and prebiotics: What you should know
Probiotics are foods or supplements that contain '...
Prostate cancer metastasis: Where does prostate cancer spread?
Prostate cancer can spread (metastasize) just abou...
Prostate cancer: Does PSA level affect prognosis?
Find out what your PSA level may mean for your pro...
Prostatitis: Can sexual activity make it worse?
Some men with prostatitis have pain with ejaculati...
Protein shakes: Good for weight loss?
Protein shakes aren't a magic bullet for weight lo...
Pseudoaneurysm: What causes it?
Pseudoaneurysm may be a complication of cardiac ca...
Pulse pressure: An indicator of heart health?
Pulse pressure may be a strong predictor of heart ...
Reactive hypoglycemia: What can I do?
Reactive hypoglycemia is low blood sugar that happ...
Recurrent prostate infection: What are the treatment options?
These infections that keep coming back can be hard...
Recurring strep throat: When is tonsillectomy useful?
Tonsillectomy may sometimes be needed in children ...
Renal diet for vegetarians: What about protein?
Although a kidney diet limits protein, you still m...
Repeat C-sections: Is there a limit?
Repeat C-sections are common — but each C-sectio...
Resperate: Can it help reduce blood pressure?
This device teaches slow, deep breathing, which ca...
Rhabdomyolysis from statins: What's the risk?
Rhabdomyolysis is a rare but potentially life-thre...
Rheumatoid arthritis: Can it affect the eyes?
Although rheumatoid arthritis is primarily a joint...
Rheumatoid arthritis: Can it affect the lungs?
Although rheumatoid arthritis primarily affects th...
Ricin poisoning
This deadly poison comes from castor bean plants. ...
Salt craving: A symptom of Addison's disease?
Constantly craving salt could signal a medical con...
Scalp psoriasis vs. seborrheic dermatitis: What's the difference?
Learn how to tell apart these common conditions of...
Sea salt vs. table salt: What's the difference?
Should you take health claims about sea salt with ...
Secondary infertility: Why does it happen?
Second pregnancies don't always come easily. Learn...
Self-care for the flu
How to take care of yourself at home when you have...
Semen allergy: A cause of infertility?
Semen allergy, also called seminal plasma hypersen...
Sensitive teeth: What treatments are available?
Know what causes sensitive teeth and learn about e...
Sex and COVID-19: Can you get COVID-19 from sexual activity?
Close contact, including sexual activity, is a ris...
Sex during vaginal infection: Is it harmful?
Vaginal infection makes intercourse painful and we...
Shaving hair: Does shaved hair grow back thicker?
Contrary to popular belief, shaving unwanted hair ...
Shingles treatment: Does alcohol use affect therapy?
Generally, it's best to avoid alcohol during the c...
Shingles vaccine: Can I transmit the vaccine virus to others?
A shingles vaccine uses only part of the varicella...
Shingles vaccine: Should I get it?
People who are age 50 and older should get this va...
Should I make changes to my diet if I've been diagnosed with atrial fibrillation?
If you have A-fib, you may need to avoid certain f...
Silent heart attack: What are the risks?
This type of heart attack occurs with few, if any,...
Silicone breast implants: What happens if they rupture?
Understand the problems that may happen when a sil...
Sinus infection and toothache: Any connection?
Sometimes the cause of a toothache isn't a tooth p...
Sitting risks: How harmful is too much sitting?
Sitting for long periods — such as in front of t...
Sleep aids: Could antihistamines help me sleep?
Antihistamines can be somewhat effective as a slee...
Sleep deprivation: A cause of high blood pressure?
Too little sleep affects not only energy levels bu...
Small cell, large cell cancer: What this means
Cancer cells are classified by how they look under...
Soy: Does it reduce cholesterol?
Soy alone doesn't lower cholesterol enough to make...
Soy: Does it worsen hypothyroidism?
For most people with hypothyroidism, it's okay to ...
Spastic colon: What does it mean?
This term is sometimes used to refer to irritable ...
Sperm: How long do they live after ejaculation?
After ejaculation, the life span of sperm depends ...
Statins: Do they cause ALS?
Statins can cause muscle injury in some people. Bu...
Stomach flu: How long am I contagious?
Depending on which virus causes your stomach illne...
Stool color: When to worry
Stool color is usually a result of diet and is onl...
Strep throat in young children: A common diagnosis?
Strep throat in young children is uncommon, but it...
Stress and hair loss: Are they related?
Learn how stress and hair loss can be related....
Sulfa allergy: Which medications should I avoid?
Sulfa allergy: A Mayo Clinic expert discusses whic...
Sundowning: Late-day confusion
Sundowning isn't a disease. It's a symptom that of...
Swallowing gum: Is it harmful?
Your body can't digest chewing gum. So what happen...
Tailbone pain: How can I relieve it?
Tailbone pain can have many causes and treatments....
Taurine in energy drinks: What is it?
Energy drink ingredients can cause concern for som...
Tendinitis pain: Should I apply ice or heat?
Ice is recommended for sudden injuries to tendons....
Test anxiety: Can it be treated?
Feelings of worry and self-doubt can interfere wit...
Testicular microlithiasis: Is it linked with testicular cancer?
A Mayo Clinic specialist discusses the relationshi...
Testosterone therapy in women: Does it boost sex drive?
This type of hormonal therapy may boost sex drive ...
Tetanus shots: Is it risky to receive 'extra' boosters?
For adults, tetanus shots are recommended every 10...
The dawn phenomenon: What can you do?
Take steps to prevent this early-morning increase ...
Thin skin? Added protection helps
Fragile or thin skin is a fairly common problem, e...
Thyroid disease: Can it affect a person's mood?
Thyroid disease can affect mood, but those symptom...
Thyroid guard: Do I need one during a mammogram?
A Mayo Clinic expert discusses using thyroid guard...
Thyroid peroxidase antibody test: What is it?
Sometimes this test is done to help figure out the...
Tinnitus causes: Could my antidepressant be the culprit?
Ringing in the ears, also known as tinnitus, has m...
Toddler speech development: What's typical for a 2-year-old?
A Mayo Clinic specialist describes typical speech ...
Too much vitamin C: Is it harmful?
Vitamin C is an essential nutrient, but too much c...
Tumor vs. cyst: What's the difference?
A Mayo Clinic expert explains the differences and ...
Uncircumcised penis: Is special care needed?
Know how to wash and care for your child's uncircu...
Underweight? See how to add pounds healthfully
If you're underweight and not happy about it, try ...
Undigested food in stool: What does it mean?
Undigested food in stool generally isn't a problem...
Universal blood donor type: Is there such a thing?
Type O negative is sometimes called the universal ...
Unusual COVID-19 symptoms: What are they?
COVID-19 can cause a wide variety of symptoms, som...
VLDL cholesterol: Is it harmful?
Like LDL cholesterol, very-low-density lipoprotein...
Vaccines during pregnancy: Are they safe?
Find out which vaccinations you need while pregnan...
Vaginal dryness after menopause: How to treat it?
Low-dose estrogen therapy, vaginal moisturizers an...
Valerian: A safe and effective herbal sleep aid?
Valerian — Can this sleep aid help you sleep bet...
Vaping during pregnancy: Is it safe?
Vaping during pregnancy can expose your baby to ni...
Vegetarian diet: Can it help me control my diabetes?
Although switching to a vegetarian diet won't cure...
Viagra for women: Does it exist?
Learn about medicines to treat problems with sexua...
Vicks VapoRub: An effective nasal decongestant?
Find out why you should not use this ointment to e...
Vitamin B-12 and depression: Are they related?
Low levels of vitamin B-12 and other B vitamins ma...
Vitamin B-12 injections for weight loss: Do they work?
Vitamin B-12 injections — A weight-loss shot sou...
Vitamin D and MS: Is there any connection?
Some research suggests that vitamin D may reduce t...
Vitamin D deficiency
What are the risks of too little vitamin D?...
Vitamin D deficiency: Can it cause high blood pressure?
Too little vitamin D is bad for the bones, but wha...
Vitamin D for babies: Are supplements needed?
A Mayo Clinic specialist explains why, when and ho...
Vitamin D toxicity: What if you get too much?
Understand the risks of too much vitamin D, includ...
Vitamins for MS: Do supplements make a difference?
Can vitamin supplements improve MS symptoms?...
Vocal cord dysfunction: Is it a type of asthma?
Vocal cord dysfunction and asthma cause similar sy...
Vulvar varicosities during pregnancy: What can you do?
Vulvar varicosities can cause discomfort during pr...
Walking pneumonia: What does it mean?
Walking pneumonia is a mild bacterial infection th...
Walking: Is it enough for weight loss?
Walking and a healthy diet can put you on the path...
Warfarin diet: What foods should I avoid?
Certain foods and drinks may affect how the blood ...
Warm-mist versus cool-mist humidifier: Which is better for a cold?
Warm-mist and cool-mist humidifiers are equally ef...
Water after meals: Does it disturb digestion?
Drinking plenty of water helps keep your digestive...
Water retention: Are there natural diuretics?
Interested in natural diuretics for fluid retentio...
What are opioids and why are they dangerous?
Opioids are a broad group of medicines used to rel...
What are superbugs and how can I protect myself from infection?
Some bacteria and other germs are resistant to mos...
What is BPA? Should I be worried about it?
Find out more about BPA, a chemical used in some p...
What is a heart failure action plan?
Know when new heart failure symptoms require a cal...
What is chikungunya fever, and should I be worried?
Learn more about this mosquito-borne virus — fou...
What is thirdhand smoke, and why is it a concern?
Tobacco smoke creates toxic residue that clings to...
What's the difference between H1N1 flu and influenza A?
H1N1 flu is a subcategory of influenza A....
When to brush your teeth
When should you brush your teeth? Learn how to pro...
White coat hypertension: When blood pressure rises in a medical setting
Blood pressure that measures high during a health ...
White patch on skin: A cause for concern?
A small white patch on skin may have several cause...
White stool: Should I be concerned?
White stool may mean a serious liver problem. Lear...
Whole-body vibration: An effective workout?
Whole-body vibration — Don't give up regular exe...
Why isn't there a hepatitis C vaccine?
Hepatitis C vaccine development is far from straig...
Wisdom teeth removal: When is it necessary?
You may not need your wisdom teeth taken out if th...
Wrist blood pressure monitors: Are they accurate?
Devices that measure blood pressure at the wrist m...
X-ray during pregnancy: Is it safe?
Learn when an X-ray during pregnancy might cause h...
Yeast infection during pregnancy: Over-the-counter treatment OK?
Yeast infections are common during pregnancy. Medi...
Yeast infection in men: How can I tell if I have one?
Yeast infections can occur in men, causing inflamm...
Yerba mate: Is it safe to drink?
This herbal tea may help you feel more alert and f...
Zinc for colds: The final word?
Everyone's heard of taking zinc for colds. But doe...